Prevention of Preeclampsia with Vitamin D supplement in Pregnant Women

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in preeclampsia prevention in pregnant women.

Methodology: Randomized closed trial conducted at Gynaecology department of Nishtar Hospital, Multan from January 2021 to December 2022 in one year duration. A total of 250 patients with diagnosis of preeclampsia were enrolled. The study focused on analyzing the vitamin D levels of these patients, and individuals with 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels ≥25 ng/ml were included. Exclusions comprised patients with immunological diseases, lack of confidence in cooperation, pre-existing renal insufficiency, hypertension before conception, cardiac disease, and those who left during the study.

Results: In the intervention group, 78 females 62.4% experienced normal vaginal delivery, 33.6% underwent cesarean section (C/S), and 4.0% opted for abortion. Similarly, in the control group, 62 females 49.6% had normal vaginal delivery, 45.6% had C/S, and 4.8% chose abortion. However, it is noteworthy that the observed differences between the two groups were deemed statistically insignificant, 24.8% preeclampsia presented in intervention versus 18.4% in control groups, (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy is helpful in reduction of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension.