Comparison of incentive spirometry and peak expiratory flow meter to evaluate cardio-respiratory parameters after valvular surgery

Abstract

Objective: The primary goal of this study is to examine the impact of incentive spirometry and peak expiratory flow meter on risks of cardiopulmonary sequelae following valve surgery.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was carried out at the Ch. Pervaiz Ellahi Institute of Cardiology in Multan's ICU. The research period lasted from May 2022 to June 2023. This trial comprised 64 individuals ranging from 35 to 65 years. Cardiorespiratory parameters, rating of perceived effort, and SF8 quality of life questionnaire were all employed to assess outcome measures. Subjects were divided into two groups. In both groups, treatment was given five days a week for three weeks. The data was analyzed with SPSS V 23. For demographic data, bar graphs were created. To compare the groups, independent samples t-test was used.

Results: The mean SpO2 for group 1 was 95.15, for group 2 was 92.31. The mean RPE (Rating of perceived efforts) group 1 was 2.065 and 0.380, for group 2 was 1.968 and 0.932, with a p-value of 0.00 indicating statistically significant improvement.

Conclusion: Our study found that both inspiratory and expiratory muscle training were effective on cardiopulmonary parameters in patients who had undergone valvular surgery. Results also showed that (IS) is not superior to PEFR in treating postoperative complications following cardiac valve replacement.

Keywords: heart surgery, valve surgery, incentive spirometry, peak expiratory flow meter, post-operative complications.